Conversión hidrotermal de biomasa en bioproductos valiosos

Los procesos hidrotérmicos son una excelente alternativa para convertir desechos de biomasa en productos de alto valor energético. El alcance de este proyecto ofrece el estudio de 5 tipos de biomasa distintos: café, madera blanca, arroz, lignina y madera negra (Zilkha). La reacción se llevó a cabo en un reactor continúo cambiando las condiciones de presión y temperatura. El café demostró ser la materia primar de mayor rendimiento, alcanzando valores de hasta el 70% y, por el contrario, la lignina alcanzó muy bajos rendimientos, no sobrepasando el 13%. Para analizar el bioproducto solido obtenido se realizó un análisis termogravimétrico. A partir de estos datos, se propuso un nuevo método denominado ‘desplazamiento’ que refleja las diferencias entre los perfiles del producto sólido logrado y la biomasa no tratada. También se utilizaron técnicas de HPLC y MALDI-TOF-MS que demostraron mayores concentraciones en los bioproductos líquidos obtenidos según aumentaba la temperatura de reacción.University of NottinghamGrado en Ingeniería Químic

Intense precipitation events in the Central Range of the Iberian Peninsula

Intense orographic precipitation associated with the Central Range was analysed using data of maximum accumulated precipitation in 24 h, occurring between 1958 and 2010. The 18 selected episodes were associated with a southwesterly tropospheric flow, a low-level jet, and high moisture flux at low levels. The observed moisture flux was higher than 100 (m g(s kg)−1) and the dry and wet Froude numbers were greater than 1. The selected area to study this synoptic situation was Gredos, broad and high range, which is located in the eastern part of the Central Range and generates a leeward “orographic shadow”. The effect of the Central Range on the spatial distribution of precipitation on the Iberian Peninsula plateau results in a sharp increase in precipitation in the south of the Central Range, followed by a decrease to the north of this range

Proyecto de captación de estudiantes para el Grado de Gestión de PYMES

Memoria ID-0203. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2015-2016

Healthcare workers hospitalized due to COVID-19 have no higher risk of death than general population. Data from the Spanish SEMI-COVID-19 Registry

Aim To determine whether healthcare workers (HCW) hospitalized in Spain due to COVID-19 have a worse prognosis than non-healthcare workers (NHCW). Methods Observational cohort study based on the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry, a nationwide registry that collects sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data on patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Spain. Patients aged 20-65 years were selected. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to identify factors associated with mortality. Results As of 22 May 2020, 4393 patients were included, of whom 419 (9.5%) were HCW. Median (interquartile range) age of HCW was 52 (15) years and 62.4% were women. Prevalence of comorbidities and severe radiological findings upon admission were less frequent in HCW. There were no difference in need of respiratory support and admission to intensive care unit, but occurrence of sepsis and in-hospital mortality was lower in HCW (1.7% vs. 3.9%; p = 0.024 and 0.7% vs. 4.8%; p<0.001 respectively). Age, male sex and comorbidity, were independently associated with higher in-hospital mortality and healthcare working with lower mortality (OR 0.211, 95%CI 0.067-0.667, p = 0.008). 30-days survival was higher in HCW (0.968 vs. 0.851 p<0.001). Conclusions Hospitalized COVID-19 HCW had fewer comorbidities and a better prognosis than NHCW. Our results suggest that professional exposure to COVID-19 in HCW does not carry more clinical severity nor mortality

Adelante / Endavant

Séptimo desafío por la erradicación de la violencia contra las mujeres del Institut Universitari d’Estudis Feministes i de Gènere "Purificación Escribano" de la Universitat Jaume

Estudio cinético sobre la desulfuración y la desnitrogenación de destilados de petróleo medios

El hidrotratamiento de dos fracciones medias de petróleo (Diesel y Coker Gasoil) se analizó mediante simulación utilizando un modelo de reactor flujo pistón y diferentes enfoques cinéticos. El estudio se centró en las reacciones de hidrodesulfuración (HDS) e hidrodesnitrogenación (HDN). Las materias primas se procesaron en un rango de temperaturas de 335 a 365ºC, la presión de operación varió entre 3.5 y 5.1 MPa y el LHSV se ajusto entre 0.7 y 3.5 h-1. Se evaluó la precisión de los distintos enfoques, así como el significado cualitativo de los parámetros cinéticos. Se encontró que uno de los modelos estudiados predijo el 66% de los experimentos en el rango de incertidumbre con un coeficiente de correlación de Pearson de r = 0.941, mientras que el segundo modelo solo alcanzó el 48% de los experimentos en el rango deseado, con un coeficiente de correlación de Pearson de r = 0.789.Hydrotreating processes play a vital role in petroleum refineries to meet the increasing demand of fuels and oil fractions and to guarantee the long-term viability of the refining business. Different kinetic approaches have been proposed in the past to model this process, each one with specific advantages in simplicity or accuracy. The hydrotreating of medium oil cuts was analysed via simulation using a heterogeneous plug-flow reactor model and different kinetic approaches. The study was focused on the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) and hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) reactions. The dataset comprised two medium oil fractions: diesel fraction (DF) and coker gasoil (CGO). The feeds were processed in a range of temperatures from 335 to 365ºC, the operation pressure varied from 3.5 MPa to 5.1 MPa and the LHSV was set from 0.7 to 3.5 h-1. The accuracy of the different approaches is assessed as well as the qualitative meaning of the kinetic parameters. It was found that with one of the studied models 66% of the experiments were predicted in the given range of experimental uncertainty, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of the linear regression of the parity plot of r = 0.941, while in the second model only the 47% of the experiments were predicted in the desired range, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of the parity plot of r = 0.789. Keywords:Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Tecnología del Medio AmbienteMáster en Ingeniería Químic

Integrated process for selective oxidation of organic compounds

Oxidized compounds are produced in a continuous integrated process in liquid phase, which comprises: Step I, synthesis of non acidic hydrogen peroxide solutions by direct reaction between hydrogen and oxygen by catalytic reaction utilizing a noble metal catalyst. Step II, this hydrogen peroxide solution is directly mixed with an organic substrate, a suitable catalyst and optionally a solvent. The integrated process requires no treatment step and is particularly well adapted to the production of propylene oxide

S I 1- GEAC (Grupo de enseñanza asistida por computador), UVIGO

En este documento presentamos las principales líneas de investigación del grupo, así como los resultados obtenidos, tanto en forma de tesis doctorales, trabajos de fin de carrera, artículos de revistas y congresos tanto nacionales como internacionales, y nuestras conexiones con grupos de otras universidades tanto del ámbito nacional como internacional

Penicillin Acylase from Streptomyces lavendulae and Aculeacin A Acylase from Actinoplanes utahensis: Two Versatile Enzymes as Useful Tools for Quorum Quenching Processes

Many Gram-negative bacteria produceN-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs), quorum sensing(QS) molecules that can be enzymatically inactivated by quorum quenching (QQ) processes; this approachis considered an emerging antimicrobial alternative. In this study, kinetic parameters of several AHLshydrolyzed by penicillin acylase fromStreptomyces lavendulae(SlPA) and aculeacin A acylase fromActinoplanes utahensis(AuAAC) have been determined. Both enzymes catalyze efficiently the amide bondhydrolysis in AHLs with different acyl chain moieties (with or without 3-oxo modification) and exhibit aclear preference for AHLs with long acyl chains (C12-HSL>C14-HSL>C10-HSL>C8-HSL forSlPA,whereas C14-HSL>C12-HSL>C10-HSL>C8-HSL forAuAAC). Involvement ofSlPA andAuAAC inQQ processes was demonstrated byChromobacterium violaceumCV026-based bioassays and inhibitionof biofilm formation byPseudomonas aeruginosa, a process controlled by QS molecules, suggesting theapplication of these multifunctional enzymes as quorum quenching agents, this being the first time thatquorum quenching activity was shown by an aculeacin A acylase. In addition, a phylogenetic studysuggests thatSlPA andAuAAC could be part of a new family of actinomycete acylases, with a preferencefor substrates with long aliphatic acyl chains, and likely involved in QQ processes.Sin financiación4.146 JCR (2020) Q2, 67/162 Chemistry, Physical0.800 SJR (2020) Q2, 27/60No data IDR 2020UE